Modified Bavarian Formula Calculator

In short The modified Bavarian formula is German grade = 1 + 3 × (Nmax − Nd) ÷ (Nmax − Nmin), where Nmax is the best grade your system awards, Nmin its lowest pass, and Nd the grade you were given. German universities apply it to foreign transcripts, which is what makes it worth knowing: it is not somebody's rule of thumb, it is the published method. Two properties fall straight out of the algebra and are worth checking against any answer you are given. The best attainable grade always converts to exactly 1.0, and the minimum pass always converts to exactly 4.0 — if a calculator gives you anything else at those two points, it is not using this formula. Between them the mapping is linear, so a British 70 becomes 2.5, a British 55 becomes 3.25, and a French 14 becomes 2.2. Below the pass mark the formula stops meaning anything, because there is nothing on the German scale to map a failure onto, and this tool declines to produce a number there rather than inventing one. What the formula cannot do is account for the shape of a scale. It treats the range from pass to top as evenly spread, and no real marking scheme is: British marking is compressed near the ceiling, French marks above 16 are exceptional. The formula is defined, reproducible and slightly unfair to anybody from a severely marked system — all three at once.